The formulation of a robust analytical framework is critical to the systematic interpretation and understanding of the landscape and its constitutive elements. Such a framework undergirds theoretical inquiry while offering methodological orientation for scholars and practitioners seeking to delineate the fundamental components and relational dynamics that inform landscape epistemologies. This article revisits and advances a set of landscape axioms, reconceptualising them through the lenses of phenomenology and more-than-representational theory. Departing from Cartesian dualisms and predominantly visual paradigms, the proposed axioms articulate landscape as a dynamic, relational, and multi-sensorial construct, constituted through spatial perception, memory, embodied practice, and socio-cultural meaning-making. They establish a coherent conceptual foundation and an operative interpretive schema for the analysis of landscape, with significant implications for research, spatial planning, education, landscape governance, and territorial policy formulation.
Evangelos Pavlis (Mon,) studied this question.