What’s happened in the Iron Age clearly testifies human leisure in solving food, housing problems and natural defence. In this age, agriculture was supported by the necessary tools and various irrigation systems. It was possible to produce various products, and the architecture had issued its technical and logistical orders in accordance with the climatic and geographical conditions. Environmental archaeology examines the relationship between actions and reactions between humans and the environment over time. In the meantime, humans are the main factor in changing the shape of their environment. The Iron Age, which covers the period from 1500 to 500 BC, has been revealed by various environmental data and methodical excavations. By analysing the cultural findings, including the motifs of various plants and animals on pottery, plant and animal vestiges, various tools and animal figures, the climate of Azerbaijan and the South Caucasus can be understood to some extent. By examining and analysing these samples, it can be said that north-western Iran and the Caucasus had a temperate climate and sufficient water resources for human and animal growth and breeding during the Iron Age. According to the analysis of cultural data, volume and variety of crops and plants obtained from the areas, it can be said that environmental conditions was dominated in the region.
Karimikiya et al. (Sat,) studied this question.