Purpose: This study examines how Brazilian agribusiness companies adopt Corporate Socioenvironmental Responsibility (CSR) tools based on Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) frameworks and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), evaluating their role in strengthening governance, reducing reputational risks, and fostering sustainable production models. Theoretical Framework: Grounded in stakeholder theory, eco-efficiency, and the Natural Resource-Based View, the research critiques the persistence of greenwashing and the limits of financialized sustainability, while emphasizing the need for regenerative and place-based approaches. Methodology: A qualitative, exploratory design was applied through documentary analysis of 2023 sustainability reports from Marfrig and BRF. Thematic content analysis focused on socioenvironmental practices, ESG metrics, SDG alignment, governance mechanisms, and evidence of greenwashing. Triangulation with secondary academic and industry sources ensured robustness. Findings: Results indicate progress in ESG adoption—particularly in water management, food safety, and animal welfare—yet critical gaps remain in reporting indirect emissions, energy transition, and stakeholder engagement. Governance improvements were partially confirmed, but the lack of regenerative strategies limits legitimacy and sustains greenwashing risks. Practical Implications: Managers should embed CSR as a strategic pillar, moving beyond compliance and reputation management. Recommendations include sector-specific metrics, stronger local participation, radical transparency, and alignment with public policies to enhance legitimacy and impact. Originality/Value: This study advances the debate on CSR in agribusiness by critically assessing the coherence between discourse and practice. It contributes a strategic framework to guide companies toward regenerative, transparent, and accountable CSR, reinforcing sustainability as both an ethical commitment and a source of competitive advantage.
Vilela et al. (Wed,) studied this question.