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September 10, 2025Open Access

Advancement of technology towards developing perovskite-based solar cells for renewable energy harvesting and energy transformation applications

Key Points

Lead-based perovskite solar cells have achieved power-conversion efficiencies of over 26%, showcasing their potential in renewable energy applications.
Strategies for enhancement include defect-passivation and improved charge-carrier management, addressing stability issues of more than 8 months.
Various perovskite configurations, including lead-free and tandem-solar-cells, present opportunities for broader applications in energy transformation.
Incorporating green strategies in the fabrication process may lead to more sustainable energy solutions while improving performance metrics.

Abstract

This review comprehensively examines the latest strategies for developing high-performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs) including lead-free PSCs, lead-based PSCs (covering power-conversion-efficiencies (PCEs) : >26%; Stability: >8 months; Dion–Jacobson and hybrid perovskites; flexible and bifacial PSCs; Fabrication of PSCs in ambient-conditions; Utilizing green-strategies; Design of PSCs for low/high-temperature), and tandem-solar-cells (TSCs covering all-perovskite, perovskite-silicon, and other-hybrid-configurations). Enhancement strategies focus on defect-passivation, suppression of non-radiative recombination, improved charge-carrier-management, and reduction of interface-defects.

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