Modernization of Forms of Government in the Conditions of Political Transformations: Political-Institutional and Political-Situational Factors

The article is devoted to how stable the forms of government are, as well as what are the main directions of their evolution in the context of the modernization of the state and civil society. The purpose of the study is to establish the specifics of modernization of modern forms of government in the conditions of political transformation. The significance of systemic and non-systemic political forces, their value and ideological and doctrinal settings in the context of stability or instability of the form of state government is characterized. It was emphasized that socio-economic processes also program approaches to the modernization of the form of state government. The balance of relations between the central and local authorities is analyzed as one of the serious factors in the formation of the agenda of reforms of the form of government. The European priorities and the vector of the development of Ukrainian statehood, which require bringing the constitutional and legal base into compliance with the functioning of supranational institutions, are revealed. The ratio of the mechanisms of separation of powers, which regulate the power functionality of each institutional branch, in order to prevent one branch from performing the main functions of another, has been clarified. It is revealed that constitutional changes aimed at unifying the institutional design of decision-making are an integral process of European integration. It is proved that the attitude towards the constitution as an unchanging document and a necessary value begins to change due to the new needs of state formation. It has been established that criticism of constitutional changes aimed at changing the form of government is becoming more and more widespread due to the politicization of specific proposals. It is assumed that the expediency of modernizing the fundamental principles of forms of state government is especially problematic during the Russian war in Ukraine. It was established that the presence of non-public rules for the distribution of powers and influence within the political and institutional design of modern Ukraine actualizes the need for transparency in approaches to the transformation of the form of government. It has been found that ascertaining the crisis of the constitutional and legal foundations of the political design of Ukrainian democracy requires proposals to overcome the crisis. It was concluded that in the conditions of political transformations there is a vector of unmotivated changes to the constitutions that regulate the balance of interaction between the branches of government.