A High-Gain Array Antenna Design for 6G Terahertz Wireless Systems

The increasing demand for ultra-high-speed wireless communication and large data rates is driving the development of Sixth Generation (6G) networks, which are expected to have become commercially available around 2030. To support emerging applications, such as the Internet of Nano-Things (IoNT), high-speed on-chip communication, real-time health monitoring, and satellite connectivity, 6G systems will rely on the Terahertz (THz) frequency spectrum (0.1–10 THz). However, high propagation losses at these frequencies necessitate the use of high-gain antennas. One promising solution is the implementation of multi-element antenna arrays. This study presents the design of a compact 1×4 linear array antenna based on a triangular slot technique, aimed at improving performance in the THz band for 6G applications. The antenna is fabricated on a 10 µm-thick quartz substrate with a dielectric constant of 3.8 and a loss tangent of 0.0001. Gold layers form the radiating and ground surfaces, and a parallel feedline ensures a uniform power distribution. The simulations performed in CST software demonstrated favorable results, with a maximum gain of 11 dBi, a wide operating bandwidth of 1 THz (0.6–1.6 THz), and a return loss of −28 dB. The design also exhibits reduced mutual coupling (−18 dB), contributing to enhanced array performance. These results highlight the antenna’s potential for efficient integration into future high frequency 6G communication systems.