The study was conducted from 2022 to 2025 in the Ayodhya region of Uttar Pradesh, which had the highest number of farmers registered under the PM-KISAN scheme compared to other regions in the state. The research focused on beneficiaries in the Ayodhya and Amethi districts. A list of beneficiary farmers was obtained, and 32 villages were randomly selected based on beneficiary availability across the Milkipur, Haringtonganj, Mawai, Amaniganj, Amethi, Musafirkhana, Gauriganj, and Jagdishpur blocks. Using a proportional random sampling method, a total of 320 farmers were selected as the study sample. Data was collected through a semi- structured interview schedule. A semi-structured interview schedule was used to collect the data from the respondents. The results of the study revealed that 64.68 per cent respondents has medium level of attitude towards PM-KISAN Scheme followed by 18.13 per cent High and 17.19 per cent have low level of attitude. There was similarity found in the rank assignment pattern regarding attitude of beneficiary and non-beneficiary respondents about PMKISAN, though there was a difference in the magnitude of Mean Percent Scores (MPS) of beneficiary and non-beneficiary farmers. A positive and significant association was found between the attitude and some selected characteristics like education, age, occupation, exposure to mass media and contact with extension agency. The factors like caste, social participation, annual income, land holding, source of irrigation, information seeking behavior and information sharing behavior have not shown any significant contribution to the multiple regression analysis and were non- significantly associated with attitude of overall respondents. Challenges of the study included logistical constraints in reaching remote villages, language and cultural barriers during interviews, and occasional non-cooperation from respondents due to political or personal biases regarding the PM-KISAN scheme. Additionally, maintaining the consistency and neutrality of responses across a diverse sample posed methodological challenges. The major contribution of the study lies in its empirical insights into the attitude levels of farmers towards the PM-KISAN scheme and the identification of key socio-personal variables that significantly influence these attitudes. The findings can inform policymakers and extension personnel in tailoring communication strategies and interventions to improve farmer engagement and satisfaction with government welfare programs.
Yada et al. (Sun,) studied this question.