The study of toxicity parameters of internal combustion engines plays a key role both in the field of environmental safety and in the development of modern automotive industry. The paper objective is to assess the level of emissions of harmful substances generated during the operation of internal combustion engines with worn-out cylinder-piston assemblies, as well as to identify the main factors affecting their toxicity. The main task of the study is to determine the most significant parameters of toxicity and develop practical recommendations for their reduction. To achieve these goals, methods of experimental testing of gas emissions at specialized test desks were used, as well as analysis of exhaust gas composition using modern gas analyzers. The paper contains a comprehensive assessment of the toxicity of internal combustion engines in conditions close to real operation, taking into account such factors as climatic conditions, road characteristics and fuel composition. As a result of the study, it is found that the key factors influencing the toxicity of emissions are the engine operating mode, ambient temperature and the composition of the fuel used. The results confirm the need to optimize engine operation, to use high-quality fuel, and to implement effective exhaust gas neutralization systems.
Gorlenko et al. (Sat,) studied this question.