September 18, 2025Open Access

JAM 1: Discovery of a New Candidate Evolved Planetary Nebula in Deep O iii and Hα Imaging

Key Points

JAM 1 exhibits nearly spherical morphology and size, indicating it may be a candidate evolved planetary nebula.
The emission nebula was detected in ultra-deep [O iii] and Hα imaging, highlighting its unique features in different spectral lines.
Spectroscopic follow-up is essential to confirm the classification of JAM 1 as a planetary nebula, given no central star candidate was identified.
Observations reveal interaction with the interstellar medium, particularly noticeable in the brightness of the northwestern rim.

Abstract

Abstract We report the discovery of a previously uncatalogued extended emission nebula, hereafter JAM 1, detected in ultra-deep O iii and H α narrowband imaging. Located at 18 h 56 m 25 s , + 30 ° 42 ′ 06 ″ (J2000), JAM 1 exhibits a nearly spherical morphology with an angular diameter of ≈864″ ( 14 . ′ 4 ). The object is conspicuous in O iii , while in H α it is immersed in diffuse Galactic emission. The southeastern edge is diffuse, while the northwestern rim is brighter, suggestive of interaction with the interstellar medium. No central star candidate has been identified in Gaia DR3, Pan-STARRS, or GALEX. The morphology, size, and emission-line dominance favor classification as a candidate evolved planetary nebula. Spectroscopic follow-up is required to confirm this classification.

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