Energy conservation and efficiency play a vital role in modern society. In particular, the need for building thermal modernization has become ever more pressing. Energy-saving policy in construction is a top priority during major renovations and new builds. Accordingly, the choice of materials, products and structural systems must address energy-efficiency goals and reduce overall consumption. When the right materials are selected, interior comfort improves: high-performance insulators retain heat in winter and help keep spaces cool in summer, cutting reliance on heaters, fans or air-conditioning—and with it, energy use. This article aims to present the key rules and requirements for building energy efficiency during thermal modernization works and to analyze these projects by highlighting specific challenges encountered in practice. To that end, we employ general methods (theoretical analysis and synthesis) and specialized techniques (review of design documentation, ana-lysis of materials used, thermographic inspection). We examine relevant building codes and standards governing such work and outline mandatory quality criteria. The study notes the need to strengthen regulations on upgrading thermal insulation of external envelopes and on replacing window, exterior-door and balcony assemblies. We also address broader themes—energy conservation, energy-saving policy, building energy passports and the efficient use of fuel and power resources.
Nataliia Matsak (Sat,) studied this question.