Institutional and technological factors in Russian industrial development

Introduction. This article is devoted to the consideration of methodological issues of the influence of technologies and institutions on the processes of technological development and structural modernization of the industrial complex, and also to the development of management tools aimed at supporting the technological development of industry based on the concept of the institutional-technological matrix of industrial policy. Theoretical analysis. It is now recognized that structural changes in industry are one of the main characteristics of a country’s economic growth. At the same time, the main sources of structural transformations in industry are the institutional environment and technological progress. At the present stage of development, the main trend in technological development is the technologies of the IV industrial revolution, including big data, cloud computing, communications and artificial intelligence. These technologies predetermine such a trend of modern industrial development as a transition from the sectoral hierarchy of the industrial complex towards the technological one. Empirical analysis. Taking into account the significant role of the technological factor in industrial modernization, the authors proposed a typology of technologies in complex industrial-technological systems, based on the approach of co-evolution of technologies or the evolution of mutual adaptation of technologies in a complex technological system S. Results. The analysis carried out and the typology of modern technologies developed by the authors made it possible to form a conceptual vision of the institutional-technological matrix of industrial policy, which makes it possible to manage the technological development processes of industry based on taking into account the characteristics of the institutional environment in which a specific production complex operates.