Key points are not available for this paper at this time.
In the present paper, dedicated to Yuri Manin, we investigate the general notion of rings of S₍, + -polynomials and relate this concept to the known notion of number systems. The Riemann–Roch theorem for the ring Z of the integers that we obtained recently uses the understanding of Z as a ring of polynomials SX in one variable over the absolute base S, where 1+1=X+X^2. The absolute base S (the categorical version of the sphere spectrum) thus turns out to be a strong candidate for the incarnation of the mysterious F₁.
Connes et al. (Tue,) studied this question.