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Decarbonizing road transportation is vital for addressing climate change, given that the sector currently contributes to 16% of global GHG emissions. This paper presents a comparative analysis of electric and hydrogen mobility infrastructures in a remote context, i.e., an off-grid island. The assessment includes resource assessment and sizing of renewable energy power plants to facilitate on-site self-production. We introduce a comprehensive methodology for sizing the overall infrastructure and carry out a set of techno-economic simulations to optimize both energy performance and cost-effectiveness. The levelized cost of driving at the hydrogen refueling station is 0.40 €/km, i.e., 20% lower than the electric charging station. However, when considering the total annualized cost, the battery-electric scenario (110 k€/year) is more favorable compared to the hydrogen scenario (170 k€/year). To facilitate informed decision-making, we employ a multi-criteria decision-making analysis to navigate through the techno-economic findings. When considering a combination of economic and environmental criteria, the hydrogen mobility infrastructure emerges as the preferred solution. However, when energy efficiency is taken into account, electric mobility proves to be more advantageous.
Rozzi et al. (Wed,) studied this question.