"…But Incidents of a Private Nature continued…": the fate of the Karaites of Europe in Moshe Kovshanly's Report

This text is devoted to analyzing one document, namely the report of the head of the Karaite community in Germany, Moshe Kovshanly, addressed in 1943-1944 to the former Hakham of the Karaites of Poland, Seraj Shapshal. In his report, Kovshanly describes the controversial Nazi policy toward the Karaites from 1933 till the time of the report. The article describes the process of how the Karaite population in Germany fled German repression, analyzes what Kovshanly was silent about in his address to Shapshal and for what reasons, and also discusses the participation of the Russian “white” emigration in the persecution of the Karaite population and the Jews in Germany.