Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile of Bacteria Responsible for Urogenital Infections and Epidemiology in Women at the Ignace Deen National Hospital in Conakry (Republic of Guinea)

Introduction: Urinary tract infections are caused by the colonisation of the various organs of the urinary tract by micro-organisms.These infections can affect all parts of the urinary system.Objective: To determine the prevalence of urogenital infections in women and the antibiotic susceptibility profile of the germs isolated, with a view to improving their management. Methods:This was a prospective, descriptive longitudinal study conducted over three months, from1 May to 30 August 2023.Results: Out of 150 urine samples analysed from women, the prevalence of urinary tract infections was 84%.Marital status showed that married women were the most affected by urinary tract infections, with a prevalence of 68%.Housewives were the most represented, at 37%, followed by commercial workers at 17%, administrative workers at 15%, and urinary tract infection patients from the Ratoma commune were the most represented, at 40%.A breakdown of patients by age showed that the 31-40 age group was the most affected (29%), followed by the 21-30 age group (24%) and those aged 61 and over (20%).The age groups least represented were 11-20, 41-50, 51-60 and 0-10 with 10%, 8%, 6% and 3% respectively.With regard to the macroscopic appearance of the urine of the 150 patients examined, 16% of the urine was clear, cloudy urine accounted for 45%, haematic urine for 3% and slightly cloudy urine for 36%.Cloudy urine means that it is potentially infected.Microscopic analysis showed that 15% of the urine was germ-free, while 63% contained gram-negative bacilli and 37% gram-positive cocci.According to cytology, leucocyturia was significant in 86% of infected urine samples.We also noted the presence of epithelial cells in 7%, haematuria in 2%, yeasts in 4% and oxalate crystals in 1%.The distribution of infected urine by germ species shows that E. coli is the most common germ, accounting for 26% of cases, followed by Staphylococcus aureus (14%), Proteus mirailus (9%), K. pneumoniae, Enterococcus spp.and Acidoacter bomani (8% each), Pseudomonas aeruginosae (7%) and other germs (between 1% and 3%).The antibiogram showed that of all the antibiotics used, three were effective against the germs responsible for urinary tract infections.Amikacin was effective in 44% of cases, Gentamycin in 39% and Tobramycin in 24%. Conclusion:Urinary tract infections are a major health problem because of the bioresistance of germs, mainly in women, and antibiotic susceptibility testing is essential for their management.