Cultural Institutions of Transnistria in the Spectrum of Ethno-Cultural Policy of the Republic

Culture, cultural institutions regulating the joint life of people in society, contributing to the formation and socialization of personality, influence society through the system of norms and rules formed by them. The semantic dominant point of the article is the analysis of the activity of each of the segments of cultural institutions in Transnistria (the Transnistrian Moldovan Republic, formed on September 2, 1990, exists de facto but is not recognized de jure) — state, public and private. They are considered in the spectrum of the formed normative-legal base, cultural infrastructure, personnel training for the implementation of ethno-cultural activities aimed at the preservation of national-cultural identity in the implementation of the cultural policy of the state. It is substantiated that the most significant role belongs to the public sector, which greatly influences the vector of development of ethno-cultural policy and its content core. At the same time, the degree of etatism of Transnistrian state cultural institutions is quite high. The activity of the public sector of culture aimed at national consolidation of ethnic groups living in Transnistria in recent years demonstrates a sharp decrease in ethno-cultural activities against the background of a decrease in state support for creative unions and national-cultural associations, including in connection with the fact that a course has been taken for the formation of a new multi-ethnic community — “the Transnistrian people”. Private initiatives are localized and episodic. The voice of the “public” is not always taken into account, so there is a dissonance between state and non-state structures, which negatively affects the development of certain sectors of culture and contributes to the outflow of professional personnel from the Republic. More effective state support of local passionary forces, launching revitalization processes with the definition of priorities (in the form of modern targeted development programmes), ensuring the activation of cultural institutions of all levels, contributing to the preservation and presentation of the diversity of the ethno-cultural heritage of the Republic in the conditions of formation and modernization of the civil society of Transnistria seem to be relevant.