Study of bird migrations under changing weather conditions to preserve arctic ecosystems. Part 1: Arctic tern (Sterna paradisaea)

Climate-driven changes in weather conditions have a widespread impact on bird migration timing and routes. The present study examines the annual cycle and migrations of the Arctic Tern ( Sterna paradisaea ), one of the dominant Arctic species. The long-term data on the population dynamics of the Arctic Tern are summarized. Temperature and relative air humidity are shown to be the decisive factors in the migration of this species under changing weather conditions. The obtained results can provide a basis for biological monitoring.