The lens of social learning theory: an imitation behaviour to adapting climate change in agriculture

Abstract The pressing climate crisis poses a significant threat to agriculture, necessitating farmers’ adaptive measures to minimize climate-induced crop failure. The research explores adaptive behaviors of farmers concerning climate change, emphasizing two pivotal factors: environmental and cognitive. Rooted in the theory of social learning, it suggests that individual behavior is influenced by models and the environment. The study aims to delineate the interplay between cognitive factors, environmental elements, and farmers’ responses to climate challenges. Respondents in this study were 30 farmers who were members of the Climate Change Response Farmers Association (PPTPI) of Indramayu Regency, West Java. This research employs a quantitative methodology, which is derived from a survey conducted through a questionnaire. Additionally, qualitative data is obtained through in-depth interviews with informants and field observations, providing further support for the study. Quantitative data was subjected to Spearman Rank correlation analysis, whereas qualitative data was employed in the form of quotations to support the findings of the quantitative data analysis. The results showed farming groups serve as social catalysts for adaptive cultivation practices in response to climate change. These groups facilitate knowledge sharing through discussions and create platforms for farmers to exchange their experiences. Farmer role models and the emulation of expert practices within the social environment further encourage proactive problem-solving by observing successful models, farmers engage in social learning, enhancing their skills and confidence in implementing adaptive agricultural practices. Climate change have inspired farmers to adopt these strategies, foster optimism in overcoming future challenges, and minimize crop failure.