Computed Tomography Evaluation of Gall Bladder Mass with Histopathological Correlation

Background: In extrahepatic biliary carcinoma patients, unresectable disease is frequently discovered during exploration despite thorough preoperative assessment, leading to unnecessary laparotomy. Gallbladder carcinoma ranks fifth among gastrointestinal malignancies, following colorectal, pancreatic, gastric, and esophageal carcinomas. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to establish the diagnostic usefulness of computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of gallbladder mass. Methods: This case-control study was conducted at the Department of Radiology and Imaging, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi, Bangladesh from March 2018 to August 2018. The study included 65 patients diagnosed with a gallbladder mass, selected through purposive sampling. SPSS version 23.0 was utilized for data analysis. Results: CT scans accurately predicted various features of gallbladder mass, showing high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy, with positive and negative predictive values of ≥95% for adenocarcinoma, squamous carcinoma, cholecystitis, metastases, GB polyp, and adenoma. Chronic cholecystitis sensitivity was over 83%. Overall, CT diagnosis performed at least 88.9% across all features. The histopathological assessment also detected nearly similar features of gallbladder mass. Conclusion: Computed tomography (CT) serves as a valuable diagnostic tool for distinguishing gallbladder neoplasms preoperatively. It is worth noting that CT scans aid in the rational management approach for patients with gallbladder neoplasms.