Pos0919 Clinical and Therapeutic Study of Vasculo-Behcet’s Disease: A Monocentric Study

Background: Behçet's disease (BD) is a multi-systemic vasculitis characterized by attacks of acute inflammation. Vascular involvement is common in Behçet's disease, affecting up to 40% of patients according to the literature. Objectives: Our study aimed to determine the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and prognostic features of vascular involvement in patients with Behçet's disease. Methods: A Retrospective and descriptive study, was conducted within the internal medicine department of Taher Maamouri Hospital, between 2015 and 2023. All patients meeting the new MB classification criteria (International Criteria for Behçet's Disease: ICBD) and having a vascular involvement were included. Results: Among a cohort of 110 patients followed for Behcet disease, thirty-eight patients with angio-Behçet were included. The male to female ratio was 5.33. The mean age at onset of vascular involvement was 43.6 years. Vascular involvement had inaugurated the Behçet's disease in 68% of cases. The mean delay between the onset of vascular disease and the diagnosis of Behçet's disease was 7 months. Venous thrombosis was the most frequent vascular manifestation (71%). The mean age of patients at the onset of venous disease was 30.9 years. It was deep in 23 patients and associated with superficial thrombosis in four. The most frequent site was the lower limbs venous system, in 20 patients. Inferior vena caval thrombosis was noted in 6 patients. Budd-Chiari syndrome was diagnosed in three patients, and internal jugular vein thrombosis in one. Risk factors for venous thromboembolism were identified in five patients: obesity (n=3), varicose veins of the lower limbs (n=2). Arterial involvement occurred belatedly (mean age: 57) in 11 patients (28%). It was inaugural in 5 cases. It was associated with venous involvement in 5 cases. There were 7 cases of aneurysmal involvement and 7 cases of arterial occlusion. Aneurysmal involvement and arterial thrombosis were noted in three cases. The arterial thromboses were located mainly in the pulmonary arteries and in the arteries of the lower limbs. Myocardial infarction and stroke were noted in one case each. Three patients had arterial aneurysms in the pulmonary arteries, two in the aorta and one in the humeral artery. All patients were treated with corticosteroids and colchicine. An immunosuppressant was associated in 6 cases. Anticoagulation was prescribed in 27 patients. Two patients underwent surgical treatment. Twenty-four patients achieved prolonged remission. Recurrence of venous thrombosis was noted in 10 cases. Four patients were lost to follow-up. Conclusion: Vascular involvement in Behçet's disease is common, and is mainly represented by venous thrombosis. It can be a potentially life threatenig condition. REFERENCES: NIL. Acknowledgements: NIL. Disclosure of Interests: None declared.