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The objective of studying this research is to discuss the pathological influence of aflatoxin on hepatic tissue. Aflatoxin was produced in this work using Aspergillus flavus. The samples were mixed with Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) and left to incubate at a temperature of 28 ± 2°C for three to five days. We employed the fungal species for further usage once they were incubated. The AF was made via a fermentation process with Aspergillus parasitcus and rice, After the rice had fermented properly, it was steams to destroy the fungus, dried, and pulverised into a powder. The AF concentration in rice residue was determined using a TLC fluorometric densitometer on TLC spots. Ten rats from each of the two experimental groups—"G1 Control" (fed a baseline diet without AF) and "AF" (fed a different diet)—were randomly assigned to participate in the study. Group 2 rats were given 25 μg of AF daily. This study's duration was ninety days. Then, blood specimens were drawn by heart puncture using a syringe to determine serum enzyme levels. The animals were sacrificed in order to get tissue samples as well enzyme levels were assessed in serum specimens that had been centrifuged at 4000 × g for 15 minutes at 4 °C. The levels of AST, ALT, and GGT were determined using a spectrophotometer and a kit that was received from Biolabo. Liver samples were collected from rats after scarification, embedded in paraffin wax, and fixed with 10% neutralised formaldehyde. Hematoxylin and eosin were used for staining. The AF-treated group had substantially high levels of those enzymes compare to the control group (p < 0.05). G2 demonstrated that macrophage aggregations in the liver parenchyma constitute granulomatous lesions. Another portion showed hepatocyte apoptosis, which is defined by dense nuclei in the hepatocyte's irregular esonophilic cytoplasm, and a necrotic region with pyknosis or no nuclei at all. A portion of the liver of rats that were treated with aflatoxin showed proliferation of kupffer cells together with a few clusters of mononuclear cells around the major vein. In conclusion, Aflatoxin can affect of liver tissue histology as well as liver enzymes such as ALT, AST as well as GGT.
Heba Saleh Shaheed (Thu,) studied this question.