Growth of quasi-convex subgroups in groups with a constricting element

Given a group G acting by isometries on a metric space X, we consider a preferred collection of paths of the space X, a path system, and study the spectrum of relative exponential growth rates and quotient exponential growth rates of the infinite index subgroups of G that are quasi-convex with respect to this path system. If G contains a constricting element with respect to the same path system, we are able to determine when the growth rates of the first kind are strictly smaller than the growth rate of G, and when the growth rates of the second kind coincide with the growth rate of G. Examples of applications include relatively hyperbolic groups, CAT (0) groups, and hierarchically hyperbolic groups containing a Morse element.