Unravelling the Effects of Climate Change on Agriculture of Pakistan: An Exploratory Analysis

The agricultural sector of Pakistan, the backbone of the economy, has experienced extreme changes in climate over the past years. Varying temperatures, rainfall patterns, and carbon emissions have drastically affected the country's agricultural productivity. This study focuses on the exploratory analysis of various factors of climate change in the agricultural sector of Pakistan and involves a descriptive analysis of three variables: temperature, rainfall, and carbon emissions. Time series data on monthly temperature and rainfall was taken from the World Bank from the year 1990 to 2018. At the same time, carbon emissions were studied on a yearly basis. The analysis showed that the country had experienced an increase in temperature and carbon emissions during the period of analysis. However, the decreasing trends of rainfall during most of the months explored the deteriorating agricultural production and food insecurity in the country. Therefore, the government should employ innovative techniques to harvest rainwater for agricultural development, aiming to reduce carbon emissions.