An Analysis on Link of Maternal Lipid Profile and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Case Control Study of 120 Women

BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus GDM is a clinical condition, or disease, wherein, a marked reduction in the sensitivity of insulin, during pregnancy, is attributed to the metabolic disturbance that occurs widespread. Although, information on the association among dyslipidaemia and GDM remains uncertain till date. The main objective of the present investigation is to detect any correlation between lipid profile of GDM subjects and healthy control women, using biochemical indicators. METHODS: A careful clinical case study was performed, involving a total of 120 subjects, comprising two distinct groups. Group I includes 60 pregnant women, those were recently detected as GDM cases. Group ll covers healthy control subjects collected from Open Patients unit and Registry of Diabetic Unit of Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Institute Medical science and Hospital, Perambalur, Tamil Nadu. Both groups' subjects were bifurcated, based on their age groups, and found to be 25 to 45 years. Estimation of glycemic condition, in prior and post fasting was performed, using an analyzer appropriately. Similarly, maternal lipid profile for both groups was also determined. Moreover, HbAl c, an important biochemical indicator was also detected for both groups of subjects with respect to their age, using HPLC technique. Received data were pooled and a statistical analysis was performed, using Student t test to identify the significance difference or association between GDM group and healthy subjects, in specific, on the maternal lipid profile. FINDING: Analysis showed that there is a significant difference observed in the maternal lipid profile of GDM group, when compared with healthy subjects. The P value of Very Low Lipid protein VLDL, low density lipoprotein LDL, High density lipoprotein HDL was found to be 0. 01, 0. 028, and 0. 038 respectively. Whereas, p value for HbAl c was recorded as 0. 02, and found significant difference at 0. 01 percent level. Interestingly, no difference was observed in the limit of FG, and Triglycerides limit, and were reported as p ₀. 28, and p- 0. 316 respectively. A marked difference was also detected among the 30 to 35 yrs age group. INTERPRETATION: Present investigation elucidated that there is a strong correlation between GDM subjects and dyslipidemia. Further, this study strengthened and promised that elevated maternal lipid profile is highly linked with GDM condition.