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Anal cancer is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), particularly HPV-16, and is preceded by anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs). The incidence of anal cancer is highest among men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV (MSMLWH) and increases with age. However, most previous studies of anal HPV infection and anal HSIL were performed on men under 50 years old, and relatively little is known about HSIL among older MSMLWH or MSM not living with HIV (MSM-Not-LWH).
Hernandez et al. (Fri,) studied this question.
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