Effect of nano urea and spacing on growth and yield of maize article type

A maize field experiment was carried out at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, during the 2023 kharif season. The treatment consisted of 3 levels of N i.e. 120 kg N through urea, 30 kg of N through urea along with 4 ml/lit 2 sprays of Nano urea and 60 kg of N through along with 4 ml/lit 3 sprays of Nano urea and 3 methods of spacing (30x15 cm2, 30x20 cm2 and 30x45 cm2) along with recommended control (120-60-40 N-P-K kg/ha). The soil of the field, which is part of the central gangetic alluvium, is neutral and deep. The experimental field's soil had a sandy loam texture, was virtually neutral in soil reaction (pH - 7.7), contained 0.57% organic carbon, available N (171.48 kg/ha), available P (27.0 kg/ha), and available K (291.2 kg/ha). The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design, with 10 treatments, and replicated three times. 60 kg of N through urea along with 4 ml/lit 3 sprays of Nano urea + Spacing- 30x20 cm2 (treatment 8) recorded maximum highest plant height (185.27 cm), plant dry weight (90.53 g), Number of cobs per plant (2.20), Number of grains per cob(434.13), Cob length (19.43 cm), Grain yield (4.20 t/ha), Stover yield (6.91 t/ha). The aforesaid treatment also recorded maximum gross returns (1,01,574.00 INR/ha), net returns (65,646.84 INR/ha) and B:C ratio (1.83).