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Abstract Organic and natural sources of bio-stimulant have a great expectancy to boost green agriculture practices for sustainable, safe, and smart cultivation of crops. In that regard, beneficial endophytic bacteria have great potential. They have unique features in promoting plant growth by colonizing and establishing well in plant roots. In this study, endophytes isolated from the roots of moringa, neem, sesbania, and chilli were screened for crop’s growth-enhancing activities, such as phosphorus (P) solubilization, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic-acid deaminase (ACC deaminase) production, and indole-acetic acid (IAA) production. The phosphorus solubilization, indole-acetic acid production, and ACC deaminase production values fall in the range of 55–88 ppm, 20–164 ppm, and 0.317–0.375 mM, respectively. Chilli seeds’ three highest vigor index (VI) values were attained by MR10 (12,457 VI), MR3 (9450 VI), and MR13 (8730 VI). MR13 showed the highest seed germination energy (221%), followed by MR1 (178%) and MR3 (156%). The promising endophytes were tested on chilli seedlings as single and mixed inoculum treatments to study the efficiency of root colonization. Mixed cultures containing CKR8 and MR13 exhibited the highest seedling height (17.0 cm), followed by MR13, MR10, and MR13 (16.8 cm) compared to the control (12.6 cm). A single culture of MR10 (109.0 g and 13.53 cm 2 ) and a mixed culture of MR10 and MR13 (100.0 g and 13.09 cm 2 ) showed the maximum root length and surface area, respectively. The highest relative chlorophyll content was recorded by MR10 and MR13 (40.3 SPAD value), followed by MR13, MR3, and CKR8 (36.8 SPAD value). The non-native endophytic bacteria, MR13, Streptomyces panaciradicis (GenBank accession no. OM001090), and MR3, Bacillus subtilis (GenBank accession no. OM714810), could colonize the roots and improve the growth of chilli at the seedling growth stage. Graphical Abstract
Matthews et al. (Tue,) studied this question.