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Abstract The need for energy transition has triggered an unprecedented momentum for developing renewable energy sources. With its historical and current contributions to the energy and products market, all indications are that the petroleum Industry needs to continue its efforts in the production of hydrocarbons while also actively exploring substantial ways to substantially reduce GHG emissions such as methane and carbon dioxide. The decarbonization process requires significant investments and concrete steps. In parallel, we see a transformation in the petroleum industry with the expanded use of ML, AI, data centers, and cloud computing applications. In all operational phases, introducing and expanding digital technologies, including data analytics and AI, is intended to help reduce emissions, minimize accidents, and improve efficiency. These technologies are also changing job functionalities and require additional energy for data acquisition and computing in data services and cloud computing. We discuss some of these issues in decarbonizing the petroleum industry's operation using digital transformation to improve operational monitoring and efficiency. We particularly examine the implication of additional energy needs to run the new and evolving shape of the industry.
Ershaghi et al. (Tue,) studied this question.