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The purpose of this article is to provide a systematic overview of the current state of patenting activities within higher education institutions, as well as to identify potential directions for future development. The methodology used in this study combines both theoretical and empirical approaches, drawing on the techniques of system analysis, patent analysis, retrospective and comparative studies, and expert assessment. The overall results of the study demonstrate the need for a shift in focus from the traditional quantitative indicator of scientific patenting by universities, to a more strategic approach that considers the potential for commercializing patents or achieving economic benefits from their implementation or use. An analysis of the interaction between businesses and higher education institutions in joint research and development projects has shown that there is an imbalance in the current level of knowledge about production problems within businesses and the potential fields for finding solutions. Another challenge is the remuneration for employees at higher education institutions who offer innovative solutions, as well as the process of registering a corresponding patent. This is about ensuring that the results obtained match the amount of motivation and the expectations of employees themselves. Special attention has been paid to studying the methodological basis for developing a rating system for innovative activities within higher education institutions. Understanding this system will allow higher education institutions to develop more effective strategic and tactical plans for research projects and cooperation programs with industry partners.
Kopytov et al. (Tue,) studied this question.