The distribution of stone structures and stone material utilization in two villages at the foot of Mt. Hira in Otsu City, Shiga Prefecture

The Shiga region, nestled at the base of Hira Mountain in Otsu City, Shiga Prefecture, has long been renowned as a significant quarrying hub. Within this geographically compact area, mountains, villages, and lakes coexist closely, fostering the development of intricate stone quarrying and processing techniques. This research centers on Moriyama and Minami-Komatsu villages, historically engaged in stone extraction at the foot of Mt. Hira. The geological characteristics of these stone materials differed even among neighboring settlements, reflecting the resourcefulness of local communities in harnessing indigenous materials to sustain their way of life. Consequently, distinctive stone landscapes emerged, shaping local events and traditions. For instance, Moriyama stone masonry adorns numerous ancient villages and fields in Moriyama, while Minami-Komatsu boasts a wealth of granite structures in residential areas, temples, and shrines, showcasing highly specialized craftsmanship. Significantly, the appreciation and preservation of the value inherent in the region's stone resources and cultural heritage endure to this day, underscoring the enduring legacy of stone culture in the shadow of Mt. Hira.