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Tidal energy extraction presents a promising avenue for renewable energy generation, particularly in offshore environments where strong tidal currents offer significant energy potential. However, the deployment of tidal energy technologies in marine ecosystems raises concerns about potential environmental impacts and the technological feasibility of large-scale implementation. the environmental impacts associated with tidal energy extraction in offshore environments and evaluate the technological feasibility of current and emerging tidal energy technologies. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature and case studies, the paper examines the potential effects of tidal energy extraction on marine biodiversity, habitats, and ecosystems, as well as the socio-economic implications for coastal communities and stakeholders. Furthermore, the paper analyzes the performance, reliability, and scalability of various tidal energy technologies, including tidal turbines, tidal barrages, and tidal stream generators, highlighting key technological challenges and opportunities for advancement. By synthesizing environmental assessments with technological evaluations, the sustainable development and deployment of tidal energy in offshore environments, guiding future research, policy development, and industry practices in the emerging field of marine renewable energy.
Anuj Kumar Mittal (Sun,) studied this question.