Development of Mechanisms to Increase the Availability of Medical Care in Emergencies Using Geo-Information Technologies

The article considers the issues of availability of reserves of medicinal products intended to provide medicinal supplies to victims in the elimination of the medical and sanitary consequences of emergencies, taking into account the internal risks for territories with complex climatic and geographical characteristics. The purpose of the study was to develop approaches to increase the territorial availability of medicinal products in the Tomsk Region reserve in emergency situations. In the course of the research, content analysis of data from regulatory documents and scientific publications on the medicinal provision of the population in emergency situations was used; correlation analysis of geo-information, spatial-geographical and natural-climatic indicators characterizing the territorial availability of medicinal products. The typologization of the Tomsk region according to the degree of transport accessibility was performed using cluster analysis algorithms. It has been established that the main climatic and geographic factors creating the internal risks for the drug supply system of the disaster medicine service of the Tomsk region include dangerous hydrological phenomena, forest and peat fires, frosts and hurricanes. More than 85% of the territory of the Tomsk region belongs to hard-to-reach areas equated by climatic conditions to those of the Far North, which poses risks for the drug supply system. Based on the data of the geo-information services, the road accessibility of the Tomsk region districts in relation to the regional center has been considered, two directions «Eastern» and « Northern» have been identified including 5 and 11 respectively. It was established that direct interaction between the districts belonging to these areas bypassing the regional center is extremely difficult. In the process of typologization of the districts according to the degree of transport accessibility in the direction "East", one group with a high degree of transport accessibility between 3 districts that are remote from the regional center has been identified. Two groups of districts have been identified in the North direction. The first group, characterized by high transport accessibility, included 5 districts, including the regional center. The second group with low transport accessibility included 6 districts. The optimal area for the placement of an additional point of medicines of the Tomsk region reserve has been justified, taking into account the transport infrastructure of the districts, natural and climatic risks, socio-demographic factors and the standard time for the organization of drug provision in an emergency situation. With the use of geo-information technologies, a model of decentralization of the reserve has been developed to increase the availability of drug care by the regional disaster medicine service of the Tomsk region in the context of internal risks.