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Fractionalized excitations arise in many exotic phases of matter. Signatures of these quasiparticles are broad continua in linear response, hard to distinguish from other sources of broadening. The authors explore here excitations of emergent one-dimensional structures within pyrochlore magnets, demonstrating how nonlinear spectroscopy can be used to obtain sharp signatures of both fractionalized spinon and conventional magnon excitations. Varying the polarization of the probe fields enables either spinons or magnons to be observed and enables extraction of microscopic Hamiltonian parameters.
Potts et al. (Fri,) studied this question.