Environmental factors associated with increased cholera cases in low-income districts in Zambia, 2017-2018

Introduction: Zambia is a cholera-endemic country and the epidemic in the capital, Lusaka, 2017-2018, caused more than 5,900 cases and 110 deaths. Low-income resident districts in Lusaka are known as hotspots for cholera outbreaks. Among these districts, Kanyama sub-district has been the origin of the outbreaks in Lusaka, 2005-2006, 2016, and 2017-2018. However, spatial factors are associated with the increased number of cholera cases in the Kanyama sub-district; the origin place is still not fully understood. We determined the environmental factors associated with the increased cholera cases in the Kanyama sub-district by using geocoordinate data collected during the outbreak in 2017-2018.