Elevated Plasma Lipoprotein(a) Level and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risks: A Large Clinical Retrospective Study

Patients with well-controlled low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels still suffer from the progress of the atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and can develop adverse outcomes. We conducted this study to analyze the relationship between elevated lipoprotein(a) Lp(a) levels and ASCVD risk. We enrolled 8070 patients in the ASCVD group and 440 participants in the non-ASCVD group median age of 60 years; 6376 (74.9%) were male. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify the relationships between the lipids and ASCVD. These models showed that the Lp(a) level was a significant independent risk factor for ASCVD odds ratio (OR) = 1.025, confidence interval (CI) = 1.020–1.029, P < .001. The different categories analysis showed the OR of the high Lp(a)/low LDL-C group was 9.612 CI = 6.206–14.887, P < .001. Our study demonstrated that elevated Lp(a) levels were associated with the increased ASCVD risk. Also, the patients with low LDL-C but high Lp(a) levels still had a higher risk of developing ASCVD than the low Lp(a)/high LDL-C group. In addition, elevated Lp(a) levels were associated with a higher ASCVD risk in males, hypertensive, and diabetic patients.