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This research analyzes the configuration of the Welfare State in Brazil (WSB) during the period from 2003 to 2010, during the Lula government. The objective was to investigate the structuring and implementation of the WSB under the PT administration (2003-2010), focusing especially on the effects of these policies on reducing social inequalities and the challenges related to the governance, effectiveness, and fiscal sustainability of social policies. Bibliographical research and documentary analysis were carried out adopting a qualitative and quantitative approach. The results indicate that the WSB in this period had limited redistribution capacity, maintaining social and economic inequalities. Despite the reforms and the increase in the budget for income transfer programs, such as Bolsa Família and the Unified Social Assistance System, social policies reflected tensions between economic growth and social justice. Despite significant advances in social protection and inclusion, challenges remain related to the governance, effectiveness, and integration of social policies.
Picanço et al. (Mon,) studied this question.