The article is dedicated to the memory of Academician Kirill Vladimirovich Simakov, a remarkable researcher who devoted his life to studying the stratigraphy of the North-East of Russia, created the theory of stratigraphic time and, on its basis, the methodology for determining chronostratigraphic boundaries. K.V. Simakov made an invaluable contribution to the theory of paleobiospheric time.
N. A. Goryachev (Wed,) studied this question.