Ischemic stroke mortality in postmenopausal women rose from 14.2 per 100,000 in 2014 to 47.0 in 2023, reversing previous declines and highlighting significant disparities.
Ischemic stroke mortality in U.S. postmenopausal women has reversed its long-term decline since 2014, returning to 1999 levels by 2023 with marked racial disparities.
Absolute Event Rate: 0% vs 0%
Background: Ischemic stroke (IS) is a leading cause of death in U.S. women. Mortality declined in the early 2000s but recent evidence suggests a disproportionate reversal. Postmenopausal (PM) women face unique vascular risks, yet national trends in this group remain underexplored. We examined ischemic stroke mortality by race/ethnicity and age. Methods: We analyzed IS deaths in U.S. women aged ≥55 years (proxy for PM) from 1999–2023 using CDC WONDER multiple cause-of-death data (ICD-10 I63). Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) per 100,000 were calculated with the 2000 U.S. standard population. Temporal trends were assessed with Joinpoint regression, reporting annual percent change (APC) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), with significance set at p<0.05. Analyses were stratified by overall, race/ethnicity, and 10-year age group. Sensitivity analysis compared overall U.S. ischemic stroke mortality. Results: A total of 307,491 IS deaths occurred in women ≥55 years. The AAMR in PM women was 44.1 per 100,000 in 1999 and 47.0 in 2023. In contrast, the overall population rose from 10.5 to 17.7, showing a similar biphasic pattern but with lower absolute rates. Among PM women, mortality declined steadily to 14.2 in 2014, then doubled from 2014–2017 (APC +30.79%, p<0.05) and continued increasing through 2023 (APC +8.71%, p<0.001), returning to baseline 1999 levels. Racial disparities were marked, with AAPC ranging from –0.36% in Asian/Pacific Islander women to +1.23% in Hispanic/Latino women. From 2014 onward, sharp rises were observed in Hispanic/Latino (10.0 to 39.3), Black (16.0 to 62.0), American Indian/Alaska Native (13.0 to 37.7), and White (14.5 to 47.2) women, widening gaps between populations. Regionally, overall changes were modest (AAPCs: –0.48% Northeast, +0.31% Midwest, +1.15% South, +0.10% West), yet all showed early declines followed by renewed increases. Mortality rose most steeply with age, particularly in women ≥85 years, who returned to 1999 levels by 2023. Inpatient settings accounted for 42% of deaths. Conclusion: IS mortality in U.S. PM women has reversed long-term declines since the mid-2010s, rising back to AAMR 47 compared with 18 in the overall population. This reflects a disproportionate burden in PM women, most pronounced among Hispanic/Latino, Black, and American Indian/Alaska Native women and the oldest age groups. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted prevention, aggressive risk-factor control, and equitable stroke care.
Ijaz et al. (Thu,) reported a other. Ischemic stroke mortality in postmenopausal women rose from 14.2 per 100,000 in 2014 to 47.0 in 2023, reversing previous declines and highlighting significant disparities.