Incidence of ischemic heart disease according to change of metabolic syndrome

Abstract Introduction Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, there is a paucity of reports on long-term follow-up of whether changes in MetS status affect the risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD). Purpose This study analyzed the occurrence of IHD related to changes in MetS status. Methods Data of population-based cohort were obtained from the Korea National Health institute of health during January 2001 to December 2020. Among 10,030 participants were enrolled. We included 6,446 participants. Changes in MetS status were categorized into four levels: aggravation, stable, ongoing MetS and improvement over six-years of change. Results During a 6 years of index time periods, there were changes in MetS status, with 14.0% showing aggravation, 27.3% ongoing Mets, 47.9% showing no development of Mets and 10.8% showing improvement from MetS status. During about 8-year follow up period, incidence of IHD was presented with 271 participants. When adjusted for gender, age, diabetes, hypertension, body mass index, economic status, history of myocardial infarction, heart failure, and stroke, the HR and 95% CI for the occurrence of IHD in the aggravation of Mets group compared to the no development of MetS status group were 1.13 (0.74 to 1.73), P=0.562. For the ongoing of Mets group, the HR and 95% CI were 1.78 (1.26 to 2.50), P =0.001. For the improvement from Mets group, the HR and 95% CI were 1.49 (0.98 to 2.26), P =0.062. Conclusions During the follow-up period, the ongoing MetS group reported a higher incidence of IHD compared with normal group. Further detailed analysis and confirmation of results for other cardiovascular diseases may also be necessary.Kaplan-Meier curve of Ischemic disease hazard ratio of Ischemic disease