Lunar dust exhibits exceptionally strong adhesion, abrasiveness, and electrostatic charging due to long-term exposure to extreme temperature cycling (−183 °C to 127 °C), high vacuum, and intense radiation. With the rapid advancement of global lunar exploration programs and the planned construction of lunar bases, lunar dust has become a critical threat to exploration equipment, spacesuits, and spacecraft sealing systems. This paper systematically reviews recent progress in lunar dust mitigation technologies from the perspective of engineering application requirements. Key micro-mechanism factors governing dust adhesion and removal efficiency are analyzed, and the protection mechanisms and application scenarios of traditional lunar dust mitigation technologies are comprehensively discussed, including both active and passive approaches. Active protection technologies generally provide effective dust removal but suffer from high energy consumption, whereas passive strategies can reduce dust adhesion but face challenges in mitigating dynamic dust accumulation. To overcome these limitations, recent studies have increasingly focused on active–passive synergistic strategies that integrate surface modification with dynamic dust removal. Such approaches enable improved efficiency and adaptability by combining long-term dust resistance with real-time removal capability. Based on the latest research advances, this paper further proposes an integrated technical framework for the engineering design of efficient lunar dust protection.
Zhang et al. (Fri,) studied this question.
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