A higher modified essential frailty toolset (EFT) score was significantly associated with increased 2-year all-cause mortality after transcatheter mitral and tricuspid valve repair (HR 1.54 per standard deviation).
Cohort (n=206)
No
Does the modified essential frailty toolset (EFT) predict all-cause mortality in patients undergoing transcatheter mitral and tricuspid valve repair?
The modified Essential Frailty Toolset (EFT) is a simple, effective first-line tool for predicting 2-year all-cause mortality in patients undergoing transcatheter mitral and tricuspid valve repair.
Effect estimate: HR 1.54 (95% CI 1.16-2.04)
p-value: p=0.003
Abstract Background Current guidelines recommend frailty assessment for risk stratification of candidates for transcatheter mitral and tricuspid valve repair (TMTVR), but it remains unclear which frailty score is most appropriate. Methods In a retrospective monocentric analysis of patients who received TMTVR, a modified version of the essential frailty toolset (EFT) was calculated from four categories: gait speed, cognitive impairment, hemoglobin, and serum albumin. Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine the association between EFT frailty and all-cause mortality. Results A total of 206 patients were analyzed; median age was 76 72–82 years, and 55% were male. According to the EFT, 49 patients (24%) were non-frail, 127 patients (62%) were pre-frail, and 30 patients (15%) were frail. Estimated survival at 2 years was 88 ± 5% for non-frail patients, 74 ± 5% for pre-frail patients, and 62 ± 10% for frail patients, with a hazard ratio of 1.54 (95% CI 1.16–2.04; p = 0.003) per standard deviation of EFT score. This association remained virtually unchanged when adjusted for other risk factors and Fried physical frailty, but disappeared when adjusted for the multidimensional prognostic index (MPI), which is based on a comprehensive geriatric assessment. A stepwise approach using EFT in all patients and MPI only in pre-frail EFT patients resulted in two risk categories with a 4.4-fold (95% CI 2.3–9.4) difference in 2-year mortality between categories. Conclusions The EFT has prognostic value for patients undergoing TMTVR. Due to its simplicity, the EFT could serve as a first-line frailty assessment tool to guide therapeutic decision-making, potentially in a stepwise approach with MPI. Graphical Abstract Modified Essential Frailty Toolset (EFT) (adapted from J. Afilalo et al., JACC 2017) 14 and Kaplan–Meier survival plots for all-cause mortality by frailty according to the EFT score
Schäfer et al. (Tue,) conducted a cohort in Severe, symptomatic mitral and tricuspid valve regurgitation (n=206). Modified essential frailty toolset (EFT) vs. Lower EFT score was evaluated on All-cause mortality (HR 1.54, 95% CI 1.16-2.04, p=0.003). A higher modified essential frailty toolset (EFT) score was significantly associated with increased 2-year all-cause mortality after transcatheter mitral and tricuspid valve repair (HR 1.54 per standard deviation).