High-speed railway station (HRS) is urban rail transit hub whose thermal environment and air quality directly affect passengers’ thermal comfort experience and health safety. However, there is a lack of comparative studies on thermal comfort and air quality in both above-ground space (AS) and underground space (US) of HRS, and the thermal comfort differences between local residents and non-local tourists are overlooked. Therefore, this study investigates and analyzes the thermal comfort and pollutant in AS and US of Zhangjiakou HRS (a cold region) in summer showing that: (1) In AS, local residents’ neutral standard effective temperature (NSET rs ) was 24.7°C, higher than the tourists’ NSET (NSET ts ) of 22.9°C; in US, NSET rs was 26.9°C while NSET ts was 28.9°C. In both AS and US, the NSET rs is closer to the objective environment than NSET ts , with a wider neutral standard effective temperature range (NSETR), indicating that under the conditions of this study local residents have stronger adaptability to the local thermal environment than tourists. (2) The diffusion of PM 2.5 and PM 10 in US is limited and prone to accumulation, with an higher average concentration than that in AS, PM 2.5 not exceeding 25 μg/m 3 and PM 10 not exceeding 48 μg/m 3 . (3) Tourists are more sensitive to the perception that “increased pollutant concentrations reduce thermal sensation”; “pollutant concentrations tend to increase under conditions of low temperature, low air velocity, and high humidity”. This paper provides data support for the revision of indoor thermal environment and air quality standards for AS and US of HRS.
Chen et al. (Sun,) studied this question.