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February 22, 2026Open Access

Light Driven Acid and Base Controlled Selective Synthesis of 3,4‐Dihydroquinoxalinones and Quinoxalinones via Cascade Cyclization of Aryl Diazoacetates With o ‐Phenylenediamines

Key Points

The aim is to explore a direct synthesis of quinoxalinones from diazoacetates and o-phenylenediamines using light.
Utilized visible light to induce chemical reactions under mild conditions.
Investigated the influence of acid-base conditions on product selectivity.
Conducted mechanistic studies focusing on the roles of singlet oxygen and single-electron transfer.
Successfully synthesized 3,4-dihydroquinoxalinones and quinoxalinones with moderate yields.
Demonstrated that varying acid-base conditions allowed selective synthesis of desired products.
Showed that both reactive intermediates are crucial in the synthesis process.

Abstract

Herein, we report a direct, visible light‐induced synthesis of quinoxalinones from diazoacetates and o ‐phenylenediamines under mild reaction conditions. This versatile protocol enables the controlled selective synthesis of 3,4‐dihydroquinoxalinones or quinoxalinones by tuning of acid–base conditions. In mechanistic studies, both singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) generation and single‐electron transfer plays a crucial role in quinoxalinones synthesis. The gram‐scale synthesis of 3,4‐dihydroquinoxalinone and quinoxalinone affords a moderate yield, which proves the practicability of the reaction conditions.

Light Driven Acid and Base Controlled Selective Synthesis of 3,4‐Dihydroquinoxalinones and Quinoxalinones via Cascade Cyclization of Aryl Diazoacetates With o ‐Phenylenediamines

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Abstract

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