This research explores park personality for its moderating effects on the predictors of visitor satisfaction. A survey was self-administered to respondents across USA, Australia and China (N = 660). Best-Worst Scaling identified the best and worst park personality attributes to identify the most distinct and non-distinct samples (N = 398). A theoretical framework, underpinned by the expectancy-disconfirmation paradigm and the European customer satisfaction index, found support for the hypotheses and majority of the research propositions. Theoretically, the findings suggest that park image is formed prior to park personality. Managerially, there is need to delineate park personality from park image to elicit emotional connections with visitors.
Quintal et al. (Fri,) studied this question.