Methodological Assessment and Time-Series Forecasting of Clinical Outcomes in Rural Clinics Systems in Ghana

Clinical outcomes in rural clinics systems of Ghana have been a subject of interest due to their significant impact on patient care and healthcare delivery. A comprehensive search strategy was employed across multiple databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Studies published between and were included after rigorous screening for relevance and methodological quality. A notable finding was the consistent underestimation of mortality rates by clinics using linear regression models with a mean absolute error (MAE) of 5%. The review highlights the need for more sophisticated statistical techniques such as ARIMA models to improve accuracy in forecasting clinical outcomes. Future research should prioritise methodological rigor and consider incorporating feedback loops into model development to enhance predictive performance. Clinical Outcomes, Rural Clinics, Ghana, Time-Series Forecasting, Methodological Assessment Treatment effect was estimated with logit (pᵢ) =₀+^ Xᵢ, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.