Cross-border trade in Nigeria plays a significant role within the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). This review examines the informal economies and their dynamics, focusing on how these contribute to regional integration. The analysis draws upon secondary data from academic journals, government reports, and international organizations related to regional integration and economic development. Informal cross-border trade constitutes a substantial portion of Nigeria's economy, with estimates suggesting that up to 40% of the country's exports are through informal channels. These activities often operate in areas where formal regulations are weak or absent. The review highlights the importance of integrating informal economies into regional integration efforts, as they contribute significantly to both economic growth and social stability within Nigeria and ECOWAS. Policy recommendations include strengthening border management systems, enhancing regulatory frameworks for cross-border trade, and promoting greater collaboration between national governments and international organizations in this sector.
Ifediora et al. (Fri,) studied this question.
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