The role of wind farms in primary and secondary frequency control has become paramount for ensuring grid stability. This study proposes an adaptive PI control strategy sensitive to the grid Rate of Change of Frequency (ROCOF). The model under discussion involves using a control system that allows wind turbines to maintain a specific power reserve by implementing a de-loading strategy. This, in turn, enables the turbines to respond more rapidly and effectively to variations in frequency. The adaptive PI controller dynamically updates the PI gains using the grid frequency variation rate, thus allowing the power generation to adapt to grid conditions in real-time. Tests conducted in the MATLAB/Simulink environment demonstrate that the proposed adaptive control method provides enhanced dynamic performance compared to conventional PI control and substantially improves grid frequency regulation. The findings underscore the necessity for advanced control strategies to facilitate the integration of wind farms into active frequency control.
Biyikli et al. (Sun,) studied this question.