The educational intervention effectively enhanced individual-level determinants of safe handling behaviors. However, the limited impact on organizational-level factors indicates that training alone cannot ensure sustained behavior change. These findings highlight the need for institutional strategies that include leadership engagement and supportive policies. Strengthening nurses' competencies and self-efficacy in personal protective equipment contributes to building a safety-oriented workplace culture and supports the delivery of safe, high-quality nursing care.
Özbay et al. (Tue,) studied this question.