Digital Twin (DT) technology is revolutionizing system representation by offering real-time, data-driven virtual replicas of physical systems. This paper explores the conceptual framework and methodologies behind DTs, emphasizing their role in providing comprehensive insights into system performance across their life cycle. A range of commercial IT tools are discussed, highlighting their applications in various industries alike manufacturing, transportation, energy, mentioning only the most frequently used. Through practical case studies—such as the real-time monitoring of systems, this paper demonstrates the efficacy of DTs in predictive maintenance, performance optimization, and structural health monitoring (i.e. in relation to transport linear infrastructure).
Kostrzewski et al. (Thu,) studied this question.