March 3, 2026Open Access

Frailty, Disability, and Comorbidity in Multiple Sclerosis: Overlap and Distinct Associations with Quality of Life and Falls

TZTobia ZanottoUniversity of Kansas Medical Center NWNida’ Al WorikatUniversity of Jordan AZAnna ZanottoUniversity of Kansas Medical Center

Key Points

Quality of life is distinctly affected by frailty, disability, and comorbidity in pwMS.
Frailty, disability, and comorbidity can present separately and have unique impacts on falls.
Comprehensive assessments can improve individualized rehabilitation for pwMS.
This analysis supports the need for targeted strategies to enhance aging support in pwMS.

Abstract

Frailty, disability, and comorbidity represent separate conditions in pwMS, as they can present in isolation, and each has distinct associations with QoL and falls. Comprehensive assessment of all three conditions may enhance risk stratification and inform individualized rehabilitation and aging support strategies.

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